Glossary
A
- Abducens nerve
- Accessory Nerve
- Acetylcholine
- Acetylcholinesterase
- Action potential
- Adrenal glands
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- Afferent nerves
- Agnosia
- Agonist
- Allocortex
- Allosterism
- Alpha motor neuron
- Alpha-synuclein
- Alzheimer's disease
- Amacrine cell
- Ampullae
- Amygdala
- Amyloid
- Amyloid beta
- Amyloid plaque
- Analgesia
- Antagonist
- Anterior
- Anterior cingulate cortex
- Anterior commissure
- Anterior corticospinal tract
- Anterior funiculus
- Anterior horn of the spinal cord
- Anterior pituitary
- Anterior spinothalamic tract
- Anterior white commissure
- Anterograde amnesia
- Anterolateral sulcus of the spinal cord
- Anterolateral system
- Antidiuretic hormone
- Aphasia
- Apoptosis
- Aqueduct of Sylvius
- Arachnoid mater
- Arachnoid trabeculae
- Arcuate fasciculus
- Area postrema
- Association areas
- Astrocytes
- Ataxia
- Auditory cortex
- Auditory nerve
- Autonomic nervous system
- Axon
- Axon hillock
- Axon terminals
B
C
- Calcarine sulcus
- Catecholamines
- Cauda equina
- Caudal
- Caudate
- Cell body
- Central canal
- Central nervous system
- Central sulcus
- Cerebellar ataxia
- Cerebellar cortex
- Cerebellar hemispheres
- Cerebellar peduncles
- Cerebellum
- Cerebral aqueduct
- Cerebral cortex
- Cerebral hemispheres
- Cerebral peduncle
- Cerebrocerebellum
- Cerebrospinal fluid
- Cerebrum
- Cholinergic
- Choroid plexus
- Cingulate cortex
- Cingulate sulcus
- Cingulum
- Circadian rhythms
- Circumventricular organs
- Cochlea
- Computerized axial tomography (CAT)
- Cones
- Contralateral
- Contralateral neglect
- Conus medullaris
- Coronal plane
- Corpus callosotomy
- Corpus callosum
- Cortex
- Corticobulbar tract
- Corticospinal tract
- Corticostriatal pathway
- Corticotropin-releasing hormone
- Cortisol
- Cranial nerve nucleus
- Cranial nerves
- Critical period
- Crus cerebri
- Cupulae
- Cytoskeleton
D
- Decussation
- Deep brain stimulation
- Deep cerebellar nuclei
- Default mode network
- Dementia
- Dendrite
- Dendritic arborization
- Dendritic spine
- Dentate gyrus
- Depolarization
- Diencephalon
- Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)
- Direct pathway
- Dopamine
- Dopaminergic
- Dorsal
- Dorsal columns
- Dorsal columns-medial lemniscus
- Dorsal horn of the spinal cord
- Dorsal root
- Dorsal root ganglion
- Dorsal stream
- Down-regulation
- Dura mater
- Dural sheath
E
- Eardrum
- Efferent nerves
- Electrocorticography
- Electroencephalogram (EEG)
- Electrophysiology
- Encephalitis
- Encephalomyelitis
- Endocrine system
- Endogenous
- Endogenous opioids
- Enteric nervous system
- Entorhinal cortex
- Ependymal cells
- Epidural space
- Epilepsy
- Epinephrine
- Epithalamus
- Etiology
- Executive function
- Exogenous
- Explicit memory
- Extracellular space
F
G
H
- Habenula
- Hair cell
- Hemispatial neglect
- Heschl's gyri
- Heteromodal association area
- Hindbrain
- Hippocampal formation
- Hippocampal gyrus
- Hippocampus
- Histamine
- Holism
- Horizontal cell
- Horizontal plane
- Hormone
- HPA axis
- Huntington's disease
- Hydrocephalus
- Hyperdirect pathway
- Hyperpolarization
- Hypoglossal nerve
- Hypophyseal portal system
- Hypophysis
- Hypothalamus
I
- Ictogenesis
- Implicit memory
- Indirect pathway
- Inferior
- Inferior colliculus
- Inferior frontal gyrus
- Inferior olivary nucleus
- Inferior parietal lobule
- Inferior temporal cortex
- Infundibular stalk
- Innervate
- Insula
- Intermediate grey matter
- Internal arcuate fibers
- Internal capsule
- Interneuron
- Internode
- Interventricular foramen
- Intracranial electrocorticography (iEEG)
- Inverse agonist
- Ion
- Ion channel
- Ionotropic receptor
- Ipsilateral
K
L
- L-DOPA
- Lateral
- Lateral corticospinal tract
- Lateral funiculus
- Lateral geniculate nucleus
- Lateral spinothalamic tract
- Lateral sulcus
- Lateral ventricles
- Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus
- Lentiform nucleus
- Lesion
- Ligand
- Ligand-gated ion channel
- Limbic lobe
- Limbic system
- Line of Gennari
- Local field potential
- Localization of function
- Locus coeruleus
- Long-term depression
- Long-term potentiation
- Lower motor neuron
- Lower motor neuron syndrome
- Lumbar cistern
M
- Macroglia
- Macula
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Magnocellular cells
- Mammillary bodies
- Medial
- Medial forebrain bundle
- Medial geniculate nucleus
- Medial lemniscus
- Medial longitudinal fissure
- Medulla oblongata
- Medullary pyramids
- Meissner's corpuscles
- Melatonin
- Membrane potential
- Meninges
- Meningitis
- Merkel's discs
- Mesencephalon
- Mesocortical pathway
- Mesolimbic pathway
- Meta-analysis
- Metabotropic receptor
- Metencephalon
- Microdialysis
- Microglia
- Microtubule
- Midbrain
- Midline
- Mirror neurons
- Mitral cell
- Monoamine
- Monoamine oxidase
- Motor cortex
- Motor neuron
- Multimodal association area
- Muscle spindle
- Myelencephalon
- Myelin
N
- Na-K pump
- Neocortex
- Neural correlate
- Neural plate
- Neural tube
- Neurodegeneration
- Neuroendocrine
- Neurofibrillary tangles
- Neurogenesis
- Neurohypophysis
- Neuromelanin
- Neuromodulation
- Neuromuscular junction
- Neuron
- Neuron doctrine
- Neuropeptide
- Neurotoxic
- Neurotransmission
- Neurotransmitter
- Neurotrophins
- Nigrostriatal pathway
- Nociception
- Nociceptor
- Nodes of Ranvier
- Nonprimary motor cortex
- Noradrenaline
- Noradrenergic
- Norepinephrine
- Nucleus
- Nucleus accumbens
- Nucleus ambiguus
- Nucleus basalis
- Nucleus cuneatus
- Nucleus gracilis
- Nucleus of the solitary tract
- Nucleus proprius
O
P
- Pacinian corpuscles
- Parahippocampal gyrus
- Parasympathetic nervous system
- Parietal lobe
- Parkinson's disease
- Partial seizure
- Parvocellular cells
- Patch clamp
- Pathogen
- Pathophysiology
- Pedunculopontine nucleus
- Peptide
- Perforant pathway
- Periaqueductal gray
- Peripheral nervous system
- Phenotype
- Photopigment
- Photoreceptor
- Phototransduction
- Pia mater
- Pilot study
- Pineal gland
- Pinealocyte
- Pituitary gland
- Pituitary stalk
- Placebo
- Pons
- Positron emission tomography (PET)
- Postcentral gyrus
- Posterior
- Posterior columns
- Posterior columns-medial lemniscus
- Posterior funiculus
- Posterior horn of the spinal cord
- Posterior parietal cortex
- Posterior pituitary
- Posterolateral sulcus of the spinal cord
- Postsynaptic neuron
- Precentral gyrus
- Precuneus
- Prefrontal cortex
- Premotor cortex
- Preoptic area
- Presynaptic neuron
- Primary motor cortex
- Primary somatosensory cortex
- Primary vesicle
- Primary visual cortex
- Procedural memory
- Proprioception
- Prosencephalon
- Pulvinar nucleus
- Purkinje cell
- Putamen
- Pyramidal decussation
- Pyramidal neuron
- Pyramidal system
- Pyramids
R
- Radial glia
- Randomized controlled trial
- Raphe nuclei
- Receptor
- Red nucleus
- Releasing hormone
- Resting membrane potential
- Reticular activating system
- Reticular formation
- Reticular nucleus
- Reticular theory
- Reticulospinal tract
- Retina
- Retinohypothalamic tract
- Retrograde amnesia
- Reward system
- Rhodopsin
- Rhombencephalon
- Rods
- Rostral
- Round window
- Rubrospinal tract
- Ruffini's endings
S
- Saccule
- Sagittal plane
- Satellite cells
- Scala media
- Scala tympani
- Scala vestibuli
- Schizophrenia
- Schwann cells
- Second messenger
- Secondary vesicle
- Secretory
- Seizure
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Semicircular canals
- Sense modality
- Sensorimotor cortex
- Septal nuclei
- Septum pellucidum
- Serotonergic
- Serotonin
- Sodium channel
- Sodium-potassium pump
- Soma
- Somatic nervous system
- Somatosensory
- Somatosensory cortex
- Somatotopic arrangement
- Spinal cord
- Spinal nerve
- Spinocerebellar tract
- Spinocerebellum
- Spinomesencephalic tract
- Spinoreticular tract
- Spinothalamic tract
- Split-brain patients
- Stria medullaris
- Striate cortex
- Striatum
- Stripe of Gennari
- Subarachnoid space
- Subcortical
- Subfornical organ
- Subiculum
- Substantia gelatinosa
- Substantia nigra
- Substantia nigra pars compacta
- Substantia nigra pars reticulata
- Subthalamic nucleus
- Subthalamus
- Subunit
- Subventricular zone
- Sulcus
- Superior
- Superior colliculus
- Superior olivary nuclei
- Superior parietal lobule
- Superior temporal gyrus
- Supplementary motor area
- Suprachiasmatic nucleus
- Sylvian fissure
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Synapse
- Synaptic boutons
- Synaptic cleft
- Synaptic transmission
- Synaptic vesicles
- Synaptogenesis
T
- Tau protein
- Tauopathy
- Tectum
- Tegmentum
- Telencephalon
- Temporal lobe
- Thalamus
- Thermoreceptor
- Third ventricle
- Tight junctions
- Touch receptors
- Tourette's syndrome
- Tract
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Transduction
- Transport protein
- Transverse plane
- Transverse temporal gyri
- Trigeminal nerve
- Trochlear nerve
- Tympanic membrane
U
V
- Vagus nerve
- Vasopressin
- Ventral
- Ventral corticospinal tract
- Ventral horn of the spinal cord
- Ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL)
- Ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM)
- Ventral root
- Ventral stream
- Ventral striatum
- Ventral tegmental area (VTA)
- Ventricles
- Vermis
- Vertebral column
- Vestibular senses
- Vestibular system
- Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)
- Vestibulocerebellum
- Vestibulocochlear nerve
- Viral vector
- Visual cortex
- Voltage clamp
- Voltage-gated ion channel
- Vomeronasal organ